feat: add A-card operations frontend and backend foundation

operations_migrations/README.md

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+# Operations migrations
+
+`model_operations` 使用独立 Alembic 版本线，禁止与平台库 `migrations/`
+混用。当前 V0.1 全量基线仍以 DBA 已审核的 SQL 为准：
+
+```text
+docs/database/model_operations-完整建表-V0.1.sql
+```
+
+后续增量变更命令：
+
+```bash
+uv run --package backend alembic -c operations-alembic.ini current
+uv run --package backend alembic -c operations-alembic.ini revision --autogenerate -m "change"
+uv run --package backend alembic -c operations-alembic.ini upgrade head
+```
+
+首个增量 revision 建立前，不要用 Alembic 代替 V0.1 全量建表 SQL。
+`env.py` 会忽略尚未纳入 P0 ORM 的已存在业务表，避免 autogenerate
+误生成删表操作。

operations_migrations/env.py

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+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+from typing import Any
+
+from alembic import context
+from common.config import settings
+from common.db.models.operations import OperationsBase
+from sqlalchemy import Connection, pool
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import async_engine_from_config
+
+config = context.config
+
+if config.config_file_name is not None:
+    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+target_metadata = OperationsBase.metadata
+
+
+def database_url() -> str:
+    value = settings.operations_database_url
+    if not value:
+        raise RuntimeError("OPERATIONS_DATABASE_URL is required")
+    return value
+
+
+def include_object(
+    obj: Any,
+    name: str | None,
+    type_: str,
+    reflected: bool,
+    compare_to: Any,
+) -> bool:
+    """Protect audited ops tables not yet represented in the P0 ORM subset."""
+    if type_ == "table" and reflected and compare_to is None:
+        return False
+    return type_ != "table" or bool(name and name.startswith("ops_"))
+
+
+def configure_context(*, connection: Connection | None = None) -> None:
+    options = {
+        "target_metadata": target_metadata,
+        "compare_type": True,
+        "compare_server_default": True,
+        "include_object": include_object,
+    }
+    if connection is None:
+        context.configure(
+            url=database_url(),
+            literal_binds=True,
+            dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+            **options,
+        )
+    else:
+        context.configure(connection=connection, **options)
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
+    configure_context()
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def do_run_migrations(connection: Connection) -> None:
+    configure_context(connection=connection)
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+async def run_async_migrations() -> None:
+    section = config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {})
+    section["sqlalchemy.url"] = database_url()
+    connectable = async_engine_from_config(
+        section,
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+    try:
+        async with connectable.connect() as connection:
+            await connection.run_sync(do_run_migrations)
+    finally:
+        await connectable.dispose()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online() -> None:
+    asyncio.run(run_async_migrations())
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

operations_migrations/script.py.mako

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+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+revision: str = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """Upgrade operations schema."""
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """Downgrade operations schema."""
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}